Electric utility engineers designing new transmission and distribution (T&D) systems and evaluating existing systems have relied on sophisticated software programs that can simulate transients. Now ...

Protecting susceptible electronic equipment from AC power line disturbances is a major concern for most people, whether their business environment is commercial or industrial. No matter what the ...

The rate of transient occurrences varies with every power system. Recent studies show that surges of 1kV or less are common — whereas 3kV surges are rare. Protecting against more frequent (internally ...

Several types of devices are employed in electronic systems to protect against voltage transients, power surges, and excessive voltage or current. Varistors is one of those devices that protect ...

Lightning, inductive load switching, or capacitor bank switching may cause transient overvoltage conditions in AC line voltage applications such as white goods and appliances. Metal Oxide Varistors ...

Designing automotive electronics presents numerous technical challenges, including the need to protect against electrical hazards under the hood and in the cabin. The three major sources of electrical ...