🔌 Why Tie Cells Matter in VLSI Physical Design When you connect a gate input to logic 1 or 0, you might think, “Just use VDD or GND.” But in advanced CMOS nodes, voltage spikes and ESD can destroy gate oxides. That’s where Tie Cells come in. ✔️ Safe connection to logic 1 or 0 ✔️ Prevent gate oxide breakdown ✔️ Critical for floating nets and unused inputs In this blog, I dive into: ✅ How Tie High & Tie Low cells work ✅ Why direct PG connections are dangerous ✅ Practical use cases in layout desig